If you’ve ever asked yourself, “Can I be a plumber with a criminal record?”—you’re not alone. Many people with past convictions want a fresh start, and the skilled trades, including plumbing, offer stable, well-paying careers without requiring a four-year degree. The good news? Yes, it’s often possible—but the path depends on your record, your state, and how you approach the process. Let’s break it down clearly and compassionately.
Does a Criminal Record Automatically Disqualify You From Becoming a Plumber?
Short answer: No.
Unlike professions like law enforcement or teaching, plumbing is generally more accessible to individuals with criminal histories—especially non-violent or older offenses. However, licensing boards have discretion, and some convictions (particularly those involving fraud, theft, or violence) may raise red flags.
According to the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), over 30 states have enacted “ban the box” or fair chance licensing laws that limit how licensing boards can use criminal records. These laws often require boards to consider:
- The nature and severity of the offense
- How long ago it occurred
- Evidence of rehabilitation
“A criminal record shouldn’t be a life sentence to unemployment,” says Beth Avery, Senior Attorney at the National Employment Law Project. “Skilled trades like plumbing are ideal second-chance careers because they value hands-on ability and reliability over past mistakes.”
How State Licensing Boards Evaluate Criminal Records
Plumbing is regulated at the state level, meaning rules vary widely. For example:
| Texas | Individual review | Must disclose all convictions; board assesses “moral character” |
| California | Fair Chance Act applies | Cannot deny license solely based on conviction without direct relevance |
| Florida | Case-by-case basis | Certain felonies (e.g., drug trafficking) may disqualify |
| New York | Certificate of Relief available | Can help overcome automatic bars to licensing |
Tip: Always check your state’s plumbing licensing board website before applying. Many publish guidelines on how they assess criminal history.
For a general overview of occupational licensing and criminal records in the U.S., see Wikipedia’s page on occupational licensing .
Types of Convictions That May Impact Your Plumbing License
Not all records are treated equally. Here’s a general breakdown:
✅ Less Likely to Disqualify You
- Non-violent misdemeanors (e.g., minor drug possession)
- Traffic violations (unless DUI-related and repeated)
- Expunged or sealed records (in most states)
⚠️ May Require Explanation or Waiver
- Theft or fraud (especially if related to contracting or finances)
- Drug-related felonies (varies by state and recency)
- Domestic violence (some boards view this as a “moral character” issue)
❌ Most Likely to Raise Concerns
- Violent felonies (e.g., assault, robbery)
- Sex offenses (often trigger automatic disqualification)
- Crimes involving dishonesty in business (e.g., contractor fraud)
Important: Even if your conviction falls into a “concerning” category, you can still apply. Many boards allow you to submit character references, proof of rehabilitation (e.g., completed parole, job history, community service), or personal statements.
Step-by-Step: How to Become a Plumber With a Criminal Record
Follow these concrete steps to maximize your chances:
1. Research Your State’s Licensing Requirements
- Visit your state’s plumbing or contractor licensing board.
- Look for terms like “good moral character,” “criminal history review,” or “rehabilitation considerations.”
2. Get Your Official Record
- Request a copy of your criminal history from your state or the FBI.
- Verify accuracy—errors can hurt your application.
3. Complete Plumbing Education or Apprenticeship
- Most states require 4–5 years of apprenticeship (around 8,000 hours of on-the-job training + classroom instruction).
- Enroll in a state-approved program. Many trade schools don’t require background checks for enrollment.
4. Disclose Honestly on Applications
- Never lie on a license or job application. Omission is often grounds for denial—even if the conviction itself wouldn’t have disqualified you.
- Use the disclosure section to explain context and show growth.
5. Gather Supporting Documents
Prepare:
- Letters of recommendation (from employers, counselors, or mentors)
- Proof of completed probation/parole
- Certificates from rehab or job training programs
- A personal statement (1–2 paragraphs) showing accountability and commitment
6. Apply for Your License
- Submit all materials early.
- Some states offer pre-application reviews—take advantage if available.
7. Appeal if Denied
- Most states allow appeals. You may present your case in person or in writing.
- Consider legal aid from organizations like Legal Services for Prisoners with Children or local reentry programs.
Working as a Plumber Without a License?
In some states, you can work as a plumber’s helper or apprentice without a license—even with a record. However:
- You cannot perform unsupervised plumbing work.
- You cannot start your own plumbing business.
- Employers may still run background checks.
Pro tip: Start with small, local plumbing companies. Many prioritize reliability and work ethic over perfect backgrounds—especially in today’s labor shortage.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of plumbers is projected to grow 5% from 2022 to 2032, faster than average, creating over 50,000 new jobs. This demand opens doors for qualified candidates—even those with past mistakes.
Success Story: From Incarceration to Licensed Plumber
Take Marcus T., a formerly incarcerated man from Ohio. After serving time for a non-violent drug offense, he enrolled in a union-sponsored apprenticeship program. He completed 8,000 hours of training, passed his state exam, and now runs his own plumbing side business.
“My record came up during licensing,” Marcus shared. “But I showed I’d changed—steady job, no violations, clean for 7 years. They approved me. Plumbing gave me dignity and a future.”
Stories like Marcus’s are increasingly common, thanks to fair chance hiring initiatives and industry demand.
FAQ Section
Q: Can I get a plumbing license with a felony?
A: Yes, in most states—but it depends on the felony type, when it occurred, and evidence of rehabilitation. Violent or fraud-related felonies face more scrutiny.
Q: Do plumbing apprenticeships run background checks?
A: Some do, especially union programs or those tied to state licensing. However, many focus more on your willingness to learn and work ethic.
Q: How far back do plumbing boards look at my record?
A: Most consider your entire record but give less weight to offenses over 7–10 years old, especially if you’ve stayed clean since.
Q: Can I start my own plumbing business with a criminal record?
A: Only if you hold a valid plumbing contractor’s license. Some states require additional bonding or insurance, which may be harder to obtain with certain convictions.
Q: Will expungement help me get a plumbing license?
A: In many states, yes. Expunged records often don’t need to be disclosed and may not appear in background checks used by licensing boards.
Q: Are there states that are more “felon-friendly” for plumbers?
A: States like California, Colorado, and Illinois have strong fair chance licensing laws. Avoid states with vague “moral character” clauses unless you’re prepared to advocate for yourself.
Conclusion
So, can I be a plumber with a criminal record? Absolutely—many already have. While your path may require extra steps, honesty, and persistence, the plumbing industry values skill, reliability, and hard work over perfection. With over 50,000 new plumbing jobs expected this decade, now is a great time to build a future with your hands—and your integrity.
If this guide helped you, share it with someone who needs a second chance. A career in plumbing isn’t just about fixing pipes—it’s about rebuilding lives.
🔧 Ready to start? Contact your state’s plumbing licensing board today—and take your first step toward a fresh start.
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