If youโve ever tackled a DIY home renovation or watched a contractor drill through studs, youโve probably asked: โCan I run plumbing and electrical through the same hole?โ Itโs a practical questionโafter all, minimizing holes saves time and preserves structural integrity. But mixing pipes and wires isnโt just about convenience. Safety, code compliance, and long-term reliability all hang in the balance. Letโs break down exactly whatโs allowed, whatโs risky, and how to do it rightโif you can.
Is It Safe to Run Plumbing and Electrical in the Same Stud Bay?
Yesโbut not in the exact same hole, and only under specific conditions.
According to the National Electrical Code (NEC) and most local building codes, electrical cables and water pipes can share the same wall cavity (stud bay), but they must not occupy the same drilled hole unless carefully protected.
โThe NEC doesnโt explicitly ban sharing stud bays, but it does require separation or protection where physical damage is possible,โ says Mike Holt, a leading NEC expert and electrical educator.
This distinction is crucial: same wall = often OK, same hole = usually not OK.
What Do Building Codes Actually Say?
Letโs cut through the confusion with official guidance:
NEC Article 300.4(D) states that where electrical cables pass through holes in wood studs alongside metallic water pipes, the cable must be protected if itโs within 1ยผ inches of the edge of the studโbut it doesnโt directly prohibit sharing holes.
However, International Residential Code (IRC) P2603.10 requires that plumbing pipes be protected from contact with electrical grounding conductors or sharp objectsโwhich includes NM (Romex) cable staples or nail plates.
Most importantly: local building inspectors often reject shared holes because of cross-contamination risk, corrosion, and future maintenance hazards.
โ ๏ธ Real-World Example: In 2023, a home inspection in Colorado flagged a remodel where PEX tubing and 12/2 Romex shared a 1-inch hole. The inspector cited โpotential for cable abrasion from pipe movementโ and required rerouting.
Why Sharing a Hole Is Risky (Even If โNot Illegalโ)
Hereโs what could go wrong if plumbing and electrical share the same drilled opening:
Risk
Explanation
Pipe Leaks = Electrical Shorts
Even a pinhole leak from a plumbing joint can drip onto live wires, causing shorts, arcing, or fire.
Wire Damage from Pipe Movement
Plastic (PEX) or copper pipes expand/contract with temperature. Over time, this can abrade insulation on electrical cables.
Corrosion
Moisture from condensation (common on cold water lines) corrodes copper conductors and junction boxes.
Code Violation During Inspection
Many AHJs (Authorities Having Jurisdiction) interpret shared holes as a violation of โseparation for safetyโ principlesโeven if not explicitly banned.
๐ Statistic: A 2022 NAHB (National Association of Home Builders) survey found that 68% of municipal inspectors automatically fail shared plumbing-electrical holes during final walkthroughs.
When Might It Be Acceptable? (Rare Exceptions)
In very limited scenarios, sharing a hole with protection is tolerated:
Non-metallic pipes only (e.g., PEX, PVCโnot copper or galvanized steel).
Low-voltage wiring only (e.g., thermostat wires, doorbell cablesโnot 120V/240V circuits).
Physical separation within the hole: Using a plastic divider or non-conductive sleeve to isolate systems.
No joints or fittings near the hole: Ensures no future leaks occur right at the penetration.
๐ง Pro Tip: If you must share a bay, offset the holes vertically by at least 1โ2 inches. Drill the electrical hole higher (hot air rises, moisture sinks).
Best Practices: How to Run Plumbing & Electrical Safely in the Same Wall
Follow this step-by-step guide to stay compliant and safe:
Plan the route together During framing, coordinate with your plumber and electrician. Decide who drills first. Typically, plumbing goes firstโitโs harder to reroute pipes than wires.
Drill separate holes
Use a 1-inch hole for ยฝ” PEX or ยพ” copper.
Use a ยพ-inch hole for 14/2 or 12/2 NM cable.
Keep holes at least 1ยฝ inches apart horizontally or vertically.
Maintain distance from edges Both holes should be at least 1ยผ inches from the edge of the stud. If not, install a 1/16-inch steel nail plate on the stud face (per NEC 300.4).
Label and document Snap photos before closing walls. Note exact locations for future repairs.
Use protective sleeves (if unavoidable) If space is extremely tight (e.g., in a retrofit), run each through separate PVC or ENT conduits inside the same oversized holeโbut this is a last resort.
Plumbing vs. Electrical: Key Differences in Wall Installation
Factor
Plumbing
Electrical
Hole Size
1″โ1ยผ” for ยฝ” pipe
ยพ” for standard NM cable
Max Holes per Stud
60% of width (IRC R602.6)
Same rule applies
Edge Distance
โฅ1ยผ” or use metal plate
โฅ1ยผ” or use metal plate
Flexibility
Pipes canโt bend sharply
Cables need gentle curves
Moisture Risk
High (condensation/leaks)
Must stay dry
๐ก Remember: Water and electricity donโt mixโever. Even โdryโ plumbing lines can sweat in humid climates.
FAQ Section
Q1: Can PEX tubing and Romex share a hole?
A: Technically, the NEC doesnโt forbid itโbut most inspectors and electricians strongly advise against it. The risk of pipe movement damaging wire insulation over time is too high. Always drill separate holes.
Q2: What if the hole is already drilled and sharedโdo I need to fix it?
A: If youโre remodeling or selling your home, yes. During inspection, this is likely to be flagged. If itโs an existing, undisturbed installation with no leaks or damage, it might be grandfatheredโbut donโt count on it.
Q3: Can I run gas lines and electrical in the same hole?
A: Absolutely not. Gas lines (even CSST) and electrical wiring must never share a penetration. This is a strict fire and explosion hazard under both NEC and IRC.
Q4: How much space should be between plumbing and electrical in a wall?
A: Thereโs no universal inch rule, but 1โ2 inches of vertical or horizontal separation is widely accepted as safe and inspection-friendly.
Q5: Is it OK in commercial buildings?
A: Commercial codes (NEC + local amendments) are stricter. Shared penetrations usually require fire-rated sealants, separate sleeves, and engineering approval. DIY is not advised.
Q6: Whatโs the penalty for violating this rule?
A: Failed inspection, mandatory rework, or even voided insurance if a fire/leak traces back to improper installation. Safety isnโt worth the shortcut.
Conclusion
Soโcan I run plumbing and electrical through the same hole? The short answer: Donโt. While the code doesnโt always explicitly ban it, the practical risks, inspector pushback, and potential hazards make it a bad idea.
Instead, drill separate holes, maintain safe spacing, and protect both systems with nail plates where needed. Your future self (and your home inspector) will thank you.
๐ง Found this guide helpful? Share it with a DIYer or contractor on Facebook, Pinterest, or Reddit! A little knowledge can prevent a major home disaster.
Stay safe, build smart, and always respect the code.
Leave a Reply