Thinking about a hands-on, in-demand career with strong earning potential? You’re not alone. Many Americans are asking, “How can I train to be a plumber?”—especially as skilled trades face a nationwide shortage. The good news? Becoming a licensed plumber doesn’t require a four-year degree, and you can start earning while you learn. In this guide, we’ll walk you through every realistic step to launch your plumbing career in the United States—with clarity, confidence, and zero fluff.
Why Choose a Career in Plumbing?
Before diving into training, it helps to understand why plumbing is a smart career move:
- High Demand: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects a 2% growth in plumber jobs from 2024 to 2034—faster than average for all occupations—driven by new construction and aging infrastructure.
- Strong Earnings: Median annual wage for plumbers was $60,090 in 2023, with top earners making over $100,000—especially in states like Alaska, Illinois, and New York.
- Job Security: Plumbing is recession-resistant. People always need clean water, working toilets, and functioning heating systems.
As Mike Smith, a master plumber with 25 years of experience in Texas, puts it:
“You’ll never go hungry in this trade. Every house, hospital, and office needs a plumber—and good ones are hard to find.”
Step 1: Meet Basic Eligibility Requirements
Before enrolling in any program, ensure you meet these baseline criteria (requirements vary slightly by state):
- Be at least 18 years old
- Hold a high school diploma or GED
- Pass a background check (some states require this for licensing)
- Have a valid driver’s license (many plumbing jobs require travel)
💡 Tip: Strong math, problem-solving, and communication skills are huge assets—even if you’re just starting out.
Step 2: Choose Your Training Path
There are three main routes to plumber training in the U.S. Each has pros and cons:
| Trade School | 6–24 months | $1,000–$15,000 | Structured curriculum, fast start, classroom + lab | No on-the-job pay, may lack real-world experience |
| Apprenticeship | 4–5 years | Oftenpaid($15–$25/hr starting) | Earn while you learn, mentorship, leads to license | Competitive to get into, slower certification |
| Military Training | Varies | Free (for veterans) | GI Bill benefits, discipline, transferable skills | Only for service members/veterans |
Trade School vs. Apprenticeship: Which Is Right for You?
- Choose trade school if you want to learn fundamentals quickly and prefer a classroom setting.
- Choose an apprenticeship if you want to avoid student debt and gain hands-on experience from day one.
According to the U.S. Department of Labor , over 80% of plumbers begin their careers through registered apprenticeships.
For more on vocational education, see the Wikipedia page on vocational training .
Step 3: Enroll in a Plumbing Apprenticeship (Recommended)
Apprenticeships are the gold standard for plumber training. Here’s how to get started:
- Find a Program:
Search the U.S. Department of Labor’s Apprenticeship Finder or contact local unions (like UA – United Association) and non-union contractors. - Apply:
Most programs require:- Application form
- High school transcripts
- Math/aptitude test (basic algebra & reading comprehension)
- Interview
- Complete Requirements:
A typical apprenticeship includes:- 2,000 hours/year of paid on-the-job training
- 144+ hours/year of classroom instruction (covering pipefitting, blueprint reading, safety codes, etc.)
- Progress Through Levels:
You’ll advance from apprentice → journeyman → master plumber over 4–5 years.
Real Example: In Chicago, the UA Local 130 apprenticeship pays $22/hour in Year 1, rising to $45/hour by Year 5—plus full benefits.
Step 4: Get Licensed (State Requirements Vary)
Almost every state requires plumbers to be licensed. While rules differ, most follow this pattern:
- Journeyman License: After 2–4 years of apprenticeship, pass a state exam covering:
- Local plumbing codes (IPC or UPC)
- Math calculations (pipe sizing, pressure)
- Safety regulations
- Master Plumber License: Requires 1–2 additional years of experience + another exam.
📌 States with No Statewide License: Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, New York (licensing is local). Always check your state’s plumbing board.
Step 5: Keep Learning & Specialize
Once licensed, consider specializing to boost income:
- Commercial Plumbing: Work on large buildings, hospitals, schools
- Service & Repair: Emergency calls, residential fixes (high hourly rates)
- Green Plumbing: Install water-saving fixtures, solar water heaters
- Pipefitting or Gas Fitting: Requires additional certification
Continuing education also keeps you updated on code changes—critical for avoiding fines or liability.
How Much Does It Cost to Train as a Plumber?
| Tuition | $3,000–$15,000 | $0 (you get paid!) |
| Tools & Gear | $500–$1,000 | $500–$1,000 |
| Exam Fees | $50–$200 | $100–$300 |
| Total | $3,500–$16,000 | $600–$1,300 |
💡 Good news: Many apprenticeships offer tool allowances or reimbursement.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Skipping the apprenticeship to “go solo” too early (illegal in most states and risky)
- Ignoring math skills—pipe offsets, pressure drops, and flow rates require calculations
- Not networking—many plumbers get jobs through word-of-mouth or union connections
FAQ Section
Q1: How long does it take to become a licensed plumber?
A: Typically 4–5 years through an apprenticeship. Trade school alone won’t qualify you for a license—you still need hands-on hours and state exams.
Q2: Do I need a college degree to be a plumber?
A: No. A high school diploma or GED is sufficient. Many successful plumbers never attended college.
Q3: Can I become a plumber with no experience?
A: Yes! Apprenticeships are designed for beginners. You’ll start with basic tasks (carrying tools, cutting pipes) and gradually take on complex jobs.
Q4: Is plumbing physically demanding?
A: Yes—it involves lifting, crawling, working in tight spaces, and standing for long hours. But many plumbers adapt with proper technique and ergonomics.
Q5: How much can I earn as a beginner plumber?
A: First-year apprentices often earn $15–$25/hour. After licensing, journeyman plumbers average $28–$40/hour, with overtime and emergency calls boosting income.
Q6: Are there online plumbing courses?
A: Some theory (codes, safety) can be learned online, but hands-on training is mandatory for licensing. Avoid “100% online plumber certifications”—they’re not recognized by states.
Conclusion
So—how can I train to be a plumber? Now you know: start with an apprenticeship, get hands-on experience, earn while you learn, and work toward your license. It’s a practical, respected, and financially rewarding path that’s open to almost anyone willing to work hard.
Plumbing isn’t just about fixing leaks—it’s about building infrastructure, solving problems, and serving your community. And with over 450,000 plumbing jobs expected in the U.S. by 2030, your skills will always be in demand.
👉 Ready to take the first step?
Search for a plumbing apprenticeship near you today—and share this guide with someone who’s looking for a stable, future-proof career!
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