If you’re considering a career in plumbing—or just curious about what plumbers earn—you’re not alone. Many Americans wonder, “How much does a plumber make per hour?” especially as skilled trades gain recognition for offering stable, well-paying jobs without the burden of student debt. Whether you’re exploring vocational paths or budgeting for home repairs, understanding real-world plumbing wages helps you make smarter decisions.
What Is the Average Hourly Wage for a Plumber in the U.S.?
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), as of May 2023, the median hourly wage for plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters is $29.90 per hour. This translates to an annual median salary of $62,190.
But averages only tell part of the story. Your actual earnings depend on experience, location, specialization, and whether you work for a company or run your own business.
💡 Pro Tip: Entry-level plumbers may start around $18–$22/hour, while master plumbers with 10+ years of experience can command $45–$75/hour—especially in high-demand urban markets.
How Do Plumber Wages Vary by Experience Level?
Experience dramatically impacts hourly pay. Here’s a realistic breakdown:
| Apprentice | $15 – $22 | $31,000 – $45,000 |
| Journeyman | $25 – $38 | $52,000 – $79,000 |
| Master Plumber | $40 – $75+ | $83,000 – $156,000+ |
Apprentices usually earn while they learn—often through union or trade school programs—receiving incremental pay raises as they complete training hours. Once licensed as a journeyman, plumbers gain independence and higher rates. Master plumbers, who pass advanced exams and often manage teams or own businesses, see the biggest financial upside.
Which States Pay Plumbers the Highest Hourly Wages?
Location matters—a lot. Cost of living, local demand, and union presence all influence pay. Based on BLS 2023 data, here are the top 5 highest-paying states for plumbers:
- Illinois: $38.20/hour
- Alaska: $37.90/hour
- Hawaii: $37.10/hour
- New Jersey: $36.80/hour
- Massachusetts: $36.50/hour
Conversely, states like Mississippi ($22.10/hour) and West Virginia ($21.80/hour) offer lower average wages. However, keep in mind that lower wages may still mean higher take-home value in areas with significantly lower living costs.
For a full state-by-state comparison, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics provides updated data annually.
Do Self-Employed Plumbers Earn More?
Yes—but with trade-offs.
Self-employed plumbers (often called independent contractors or business owners) typically charge $75–$150/hour for residential services. However, this rate covers overhead costs like insurance, vehicle maintenance, tools, marketing, and taxes. After expenses, net hourly income may align more closely with top-tier employed plumbers—but with greater earning potential during peak seasons.
📌 Real-World Example:
A solo plumber in Austin, Texas, reported grossing $120,000 in 2023 by working 30 billable hours/week at $85/hour. After $35,000 in business expenses, their net income was ~$85,000—equivalent to $54/hour net.
Self-employment also offers flexibility and control, but requires hustle in client acquisition and administrative work.
What Factors Influence a Plumber’s Hourly Rate?
Beyond location and experience, several key factors affect pay:
- Specialization:
- Commercial plumbers often earn more than residential ones.
- Medical gas or industrial pipefitters can command premium rates due to certification requirements.
- Union Membership:
Union plumbers (e.g., through UA – United Association) typically earn 15–25% more than non-union peers, plus benefits. - Emergency/Overtime Work:
After-hours or weekend calls may include time-and-a-half (1.5x) or even double-time (2x) rates. - Certifications:
Holding EPA Section 608 certification (for refrigerant handling) or backflow prevention certification can open higher-paying niches.
For more on plumbing specializations, see the Wikipedia page on plumbing , which outlines the scope and history of the trade.
How to Become a Plumber and Maximize Your Earnings
Want to enter this lucrative field? Follow these steps:
- Earn a High School Diploma or GED
Focus on math, physics, and shop classes—they build foundational skills. - Enroll in a Plumbing Apprenticeship (4–5 years)
Combine paid on-the-job training (2,000+ hours/year) with classroom instruction. Programs are offered by unions (like UA) or private contractors. - Pass Licensing Exams
Most states require a journeyman license after apprenticeship. Later, pursue a master plumber license (usually after 2–4 more years). - Consider Specialized Certifications
Examples:- Green plumbing (water efficiency)
- Solar water heating
- Medical gas piping (ASSE 6010)
- Track Your Hours and Build a Reputation
Use apps like Jobber or Housecall Pro to manage jobs, invoices, and reviews. Positive online ratings = higher demand = higher rates.
FAQ: Common Questions About Plumber Hourly Pay
Q: Do plumbers really make six figures?
A: Yes—especially master plumbers in high-cost states or those who own businesses. Top 10% of earners made over $102,000 annually in 2023 (BLS). With overtime or emergency calls, six-figure incomes are achievable.
Q: How much do apprentice plumbers make per hour?
A: Typically $15–$22/hour, depending on the program and region. Union apprentices often start higher and receive regular raises.
Q: Are plumbing wages expected to rise in 2024–2025?
A: Yes. The BLS projects 5% job growth (2022–2032), faster than average, driven by infrastructure upgrades and new construction. Labor shortages in skilled trades are also pushing wages up.
Q: Do plumbers get paid hourly or per job?
A: Both. Employed plumbers are usually hourly. Self-employed plumbers often use flat-rate pricing (e.g., $250 to fix a leaky faucet) but calculate it based on estimated hourly value plus markup.
Q: What’s the difference between a plumber and a handyman?
A: Handymen handle minor repairs but can’t legally perform major plumbing work (like installing new pipes or water heaters) without a license. Licensed plumbers undergo rigorous training and testing.
Q: Can I make good money as a part-time plumber?
A: Yes—many side hustlers earn $30–$60/hour on weekends fixing faucets, unclogging drains, or installing fixtures. Just ensure you’re compliant with local licensing laws.
Conclusion
So, how much does a plumber make per hour? The answer ranges from $15 for beginners to over $75 for seasoned experts—with location, skill, and business model playing huge roles. Plumbing remains one of the most reliable, recession-resistant careers in the U.S., offering strong income without a four-year degree.
If you’re inspired to start your journey—or just appreciate the skilled trades—share this guide with someone who might benefit! 💧🔧
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Data sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2023), National Center for Construction Education and Research (NCCER), United Association (UA).
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