Thinking about becoming a plumber—or just curious what they earn? You’re not alone. Many people wonder, “How much does a plumber make per hour on average?” Whether you’re exploring career options, negotiating a job offer, or simply budgeting for home repairs, understanding plumber wages helps you make informed decisions. In this guide, we’ll break down real numbers, regional differences, and what actually drives a plumber’s paycheck.
What Is the Average Hourly Wage for a Plumber in the U.S.?
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), as of May 2024, the median hourly wage for plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters is $29.73. This translates to roughly $61,840 annually for full-time work (based on 2,080 hours per year).
But here’s the key: “average” doesn’t tell the whole story. Entry-level plumbers may start around $18–$22/hour, while experienced, licensed master plumbers in high-demand areas can earn $50+/hour—especially if they run their own businesses or handle emergency calls.
💡 Pro Tip: The top 10% of earners in this field make over $45/hour, showing significant earning potential with experience and specialization.
How Do Location and Cost of Living Affect Plumber Pay?
Where you live dramatically impacts your hourly rate. For example:
| State | Avg. Hourly Wage (2024) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Alaska | $42.10 | High demand, remote locations |
| Illinois | $38.50 | Strong union presence |
| New York | $37.20 | High cost of living = higher rates |
| Texas | $27.80 | Lower cost of living, but high volume |
| Florida | $25.40 | Competitive market, seasonal demand |
Urban areas like Chicago, Seattle, and Boston typically pay more than rural towns—but remember, housing and expenses are also higher. Always compare wages to local cost of living indexes before making relocation decisions.
For deeper context, see the U.S. BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (official government data).
What Factors Influence a Plumber’s Hourly Rate?
Several variables determine how much a plumber earns per hour:
- Experience Level
- Apprentice: $15–$22/hour
- Journeyman: $25–$35/hour
- Master Plumber: $35–$60+/hour
- Licensing & Certifications
Holding a state-issued license (required in most states) boosts credibility and pay. Specialized certs—like backflow prevention or medical gas piping—can add 10–20% to hourly rates. - Type of Employer
- Residential service companies: $25–$40/hour
- Commercial/industrial firms: $30–$50/hour
- Self-employed: $40–$100/hour (but minus overhead costs)
- Overtime & Emergency Calls
Many plumbers charge 1.5x to 2x their standard rate for nights, weekends, or holidays. A $30/hour plumber might bill $60–$90/hour for a midnight leak repair. - Union Membership
Union plumbers (e.g., through UA – United Association) often earn 15–25% more than non-union peers, plus better benefits.
How Does Plumbing Compare to Other Skilled Trades?
Let’s put plumbing in perspective. Here’s how it stacks up against similar careers (2024 BLS data):
| Trade | Median Hourly Wage |
|---|---|
| Electrician | $29.10 |
| HVAC Technician | $26.40 |
| Carpenter | $24.80 |
| Plumber | $29.73 |
| Welder | $22.50 |
Plumbers consistently rank among the highest-paid skilled trades, thanks to licensing barriers, physical demands, and essential service status (people always need working pipes!).
📌 Fun Fact: During the 2021 Texas freeze, emergency plumbers billed over $150/hour—proof that crisis = premium pricing.
Can You Earn More as a Self-Employed Plumber?
Yes—but it’s not automatic. Going solo gives you control over pricing, but you also handle marketing, insurance, vehicles, and taxes.
Here’s a realistic breakdown for a self-employed plumber in a mid-sized city:
- Hourly Rate Charged: $75–$125
- Actual Take-Home Pay: ~$45–$70/hour (after expenses)
- Monthly Overhead: $1,500–$3,000 (van, tools, software, insurance)
However, successful solo plumbers often double their W-2 income within 2–3 years. Platforms like Angi (Angie’s List) or HomeAdvisor can help attract clients—but beware of lead fees that eat into profits.
✅ Best Practice: Start as a journeyman for 2–3 years, build a reputation, then launch your business with a niche (e.g., tankless water heaters or bathroom remodels).
How to Maximize Your Earnings as a Plumber
Want to climb the pay ladder? Follow these steps:
- Complete an Apprenticeship (4–5 years, paid training)
- Get Licensed in your state (exam + experience required)
- Specialize (e.g., commercial plumbing, green tech, or medical facilities)
- Upskill with courses in drain camera operation or smart home plumbing
- Track Time & Expenses using apps like Jobber or Housecall Pro
- Ask for Reviews—a strong online reputation justifies premium rates
Remember: Clients pay for reliability, speed, and peace of mind—not just wrench-turning.
FAQ Section
Q1: Do plumbers really make six figures?
A: Yes—top earners do. Master plumbers in high-cost states (CA, NY, MA) or business owners with strong client bases regularly clear $100,000+ annually. According to Forbes, some elite contractors net $150,000–$200,000/year after scaling their operations.
Q2: How much do apprentice plumbers make per hour?
A: Most apprentices earn 40–60% of a journeyman’s wage, starting around $15–$20/hour. Wages increase each year of the program. Many unions and trade schools offer paid apprenticeships with benefits.
Q3: Are plumbing jobs in demand?
A: Absolutely. The BLS projects 5% job growth from 2024–2034—faster than average—due to aging infrastructure, new construction, and retirements. That’s over 50,000 new jobs expected in the next decade.
Q4: Why do emergency plumbers charge so much?
A: Emergency calls require 24/7 availability, rapid response, and risk (e.g., sewage backups). Higher rates compensate for unpredictable hours, vehicle wear, and urgency. It’s supply and demand in action.
Q5: Can women succeed in plumbing?
A: Yes! While only ~2% of plumbers are women, organizations like Nontraditional Employment for Women (NEW) and UA’s “Got Pipes?” campaign actively support diversity. Female plumbers often report high client satisfaction and less competition.
Q6: What’s the difference between a plumber and a pipefitter?
A: Plumbers focus on water, waste, and gas systems in homes/buildings. Pipefitters work on high-pressure industrial systems (power plants, factories). Both require similar training, but pipefitters often earn slightly more due to hazardous environments.
Conclusion
So, how much does a plumber make per hour on average? While the national median sits near $30/hour, your actual earnings depend on skill, location, business model, and hustle. With the right path, plumbing offers financial stability, low student debt, and strong job security—all without a four-year degree.
If you’re considering this trade, take the first step: contact a local union or trade school. And if you found this guide helpful, share it on Facebook, LinkedIn, or Reddit to help others explore this rewarding career!
🔧 Remember: In a world of digital jobs, hands-on trades like plumbing remain essential—and well-paid. Don’t underestimate the power of a reliable wrench.
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