How Much Does It Cost to Become a Plumber? (2024 Breakdown)

Thinking about a career in plumbing but worried about the upfront costs? You’re not alone. Many aspiring tradespeople ask, “How much does it cost to become a plumber?”—especially when weighing it against college tuition or other career paths. The good news? Plumbing is one of the most affordable skilled trades to enter, with strong earning potential and high job demand. In this guide, we’ll break down every expense you’ll likely face—from training and tools to licensing fees—so you can plan your path with confidence.

What Are the Main Costs to Become a Plumber?

Becoming a licensed plumber typically involves three core expenses: education or apprenticeship, tools and equipment, and licensing or exam fees. Unlike a four-year degree that can cost $100,000+, plumbing training is often under $10,000—and sometimes even free through union apprenticeships.

Let’s explore each cost category in detail.

1. Education & Training: Trade School vs. Apprenticeship

Most states require formal training before you can work as a plumber. You generally have two paths:

Option A: Trade or Vocational School

• Cost: $1,000 – $15,000
• Duration: 6 months to 2 years
• Pros: Structured curriculum, faster entry into the field, classroom + hands-on learning
• Cons: Upfront tuition; may not include paid work experience

According to the National Center for Construction Education and Research (NCCER), the average plumbing program at a community college costs around $4,000–$8,000 for a certificate.

Option B: Paid Apprenticeship

• Cost: Often $0 (you earn while you learn!)
• Duration: 4–5 years
• Pros: No tuition, hourly wages (starting at $15–$20/hr), mentorship from journeymen
• Cons: Competitive entry; longer timeline to full licensure

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reports that over 80% of plumbers start via apprenticeship. Programs like those from UA (United Association) or local unions offer fully funded training with incremental pay raises as you progress.

💡 Pro Tip: Some apprenticeships charge small fees for books or union dues ($100–$500/year), but these are minimal compared to trade school tuition.

2. Tools & Equipment: What You’ll Need to Start

Once you’re in training or on the job, you’ll need basic plumbing tools. Don’t worry—you don’t need everything on day one. Most apprentices start with essentials and build their kit over time.

Typical Starter Tool Kit ($300–$800):

• Pipe wrench ($25–$50)
• Adjustable wrench ($15–$30)
• Tubing cutter ($20–$40)
• Plunger ($10)
• Hacksaw ($15)
• Tape measure, level, and safety goggles ($30)
• Tool bag or belt ($40–$100)

Advanced tools (like drain cameras or pipe threaders) are usually provided by employers early on. As you advance, you may invest $1,000+ in personal gear—but that’s often after you’re earning a full wage.

3. Licensing & Exam Fees

Licensing requirements vary by state, but nearly all require passing an exam after completing your apprenticeship or training.

Typical Licensing Costs:

• Application fee: $50–$200
• Exam fee: $100–$300
• Background check: $50–$100 (in some states)

For example:

• Texas: $115 application + $115 exam
• California: $200 application + $150 exam
• New York: Varies by county, but averages $250 total

You can find your state’s exact requirements via the Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors Association (PHCC) or your local licensing board.

📌 Note: Some states (like Kansas or Wyoming) don’t require state-level plumbing licenses—but local municipalities often do. Always check local rules.

4. Additional Costs to Consider

While not mandatory, these expenses can impact your total investment:

• Transportation: Reliable vehicle or gas for job sites ($100–$300/month)
• Work clothes & boots: $100–$200 initially
• Continuing education: Required in some states for license renewal ($50–$200 every 1–2 years)
• Liability insurance: If you go independent later (~$500/year)

Cost Comparison: Plumbing vs. Other Career Paths

Source: U.S. BLS, NCES, NCCER (2023 data)

As you can see, plumbing offers one of the best ROI (Return on Investment) among skilled trades—with median earnings of $60,090/year (BLS, 2023) and top earners making over $100,000 in high-demand areas.

Step-by-Step: How to Become a Plumber (With Cost Estimates)

1. Research your state’s requirements (Free – 1 hour)
   → Visit your state’s contractor licensing board website.
2. Choose your path: Apply to apprenticeships or enroll in trade school
   → Apprenticeship: Submit applications (free or < $100)
   → Trade school: Pay tuition ($1,000–$15,000)
3. Complete training (4–5 years for apprenticeship; 6–24 months for school)
   → Earn wages if in apprenticeship ($15–$25/hr)
4. Purchase basic tools ($300–$800 in Year 1)
5. Apply for journeyman license
   → Pay fees ($100–$300) and pass exam
6. Work 2–4 more years (in most states) to qualify for master plumber license

7. Optional: Start your own business (requires additional bonding/insurance)

Plumbing Career Outlook: Is It Worth the Investment?

Absolutely. The BLS projects 5% job growth for plumbers through 2032—faster than average—driven by aging infrastructure, new construction, and green plumbing retrofits. Plus, plumbing can’t be outsourced or automated easily, making it a recession-resistant career.

According to Wikipedia’s overview of plumbing , the trade dates back to ancient civilizations and remains essential in every modern society—ensuring long-term job security.

FAQ: Common Questions About Plumbing Costs

Q1: Can I become a plumber with no money?
Yes! Many union and non-union apprenticeships charge no tuition. You’ll earn from day one, though you may need $300–$500 for initial tools and work boots.

Q2: How long does it take to become a licensed plumber?
Typically 4–5 years through an apprenticeship. Trade school grads may qualify for exams sooner but still need field hours (usually 4,000–8,000) to get licensed.

Q3: Do I need a high school diploma?
Yes—most programs require a GED or high school diploma. Strong math and mechanical aptitude help, but no college degree is needed.

Q4: Are there financial aid options for plumbing school?
Yes! Trade schools often accept Pell Grants, vocational scholarships, and workforce development grants (e.g., through CareerOneStop ).

Q5: What’s the cheapest way to become a plumber?
Join a paid apprenticeship through a union (like UA) or local contractor. Total out-of-pocket cost can be under $500.

Q6: Can I work as a plumber in multiple states?
Licensing is state-specific, but some states have reciprocity agreements (e.g., between Texas and Louisiana). Always verify before relocating.

Conclusion

So, how much does it cost to become a plumber? Realistically, anywhere from $0 to $10,000—with most people spending under $2,000 if they choose an apprenticeship path. Compared to the average student loan debt of $37,000 for a bachelor’s degree, plumbing offers a faster, more affordable route to a stable, well-paying career.

If you’re ready to turn wrenches into wages, start by researching local apprenticeships or trade schools today. And if you found this guide helpful, share it with someone considering a trade career—they’ll thank you later!

🔧 Your future in plumbing starts with one pipe at a time.