How to Become a Licensed Plumber in PA – Step-by-Step Guide

Dreaming of a stable, hands-on career with strong earning potential? You’re not alone. Many Americans are turning to skilled trades like plumbing—and for good reason. But if you’re in Pennsylvania, you can’t just pick up a wrench and start working. How to become a licensed plumber in PA involves specific education, hands-on training, and state-mandated exams. This guide walks you through every requirement, timeline, and tip you need to succeed—no guesswork required.

What Are the Basic Requirements to Become a Licensed Plumber in Pennsylvania?

Before diving into training, make sure you meet Pennsylvania’s baseline eligibility criteria:

• Age: You must be at least 18 years old.
• Education: A high school diploma or GED is required.
• Legal Status: You must be legally authorized to work in the U.S.
• Criminal Background: Certain felony convictions may disqualify you—especially those involving fraud, theft, or violence. The Pennsylvania State Board of Plumbing, Heating, and Cooling Contractors reviews applications case by case.

💡 Pro Tip: Even if you have a past conviction, don’t assume you’re ineligible. The Board considers rehabilitation and the nature/timing of the offense.

Step 1: Complete a State-Approved Plumbing Apprenticeship

Pennsylvania doesn’t issue journeyman licenses—but it does require 4 years of documented plumbing experience before you can sit for the contractor’s exam. The most reliable path? Enroll in a state-recognized apprenticeship program.

What Does a PA Plumbing Apprenticeship Include?

• 2,000 hours of on-the-job training per year (total: 8,000 hours over 4 years)
• 144+ hours of classroom instruction annually covering:
  • Blueprint reading
  • Local and national plumbing codes (IPC & UPC)
  • Safety protocols
  • Pipefitting and fixture installation

Programs are often sponsored by:

• Unions (e.g., UA Local 130 in Philadelphia)
• Trade schools (e.g., Pittsburgh Institute of Aeronautics)
• Private contractors registered with the state

📊 According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, apprentices who complete formal programs earn 15–20% more in their first 5 years than those who learn informally.

Step 2: Gain Work Experience Under a Licensed Contractor

While in your apprenticeship (or after), you must work under a Pennsylvania-licensed plumbing contractor. This isn’t optional—it’s a legal requirement.

Keep detailed records of:

• Dates worked
• Hours logged (use a signed timesheet or employer verification)
• Types of tasks performed (e.g., drain cleaning, gas line installation, water heater replacement)

⚠️ Warning: Working without supervision or falsifying hours can result in application denial or future disciplinary action.

Step 3: Apply for the Pennsylvania Plumbing Contractor License

Once you’ve completed 4 years (8,000 hours) of experience, you’re eligible to apply for your Plumbing Contractor License through the Pennsylvania Department of State .

Application Checklist:

✅ Completed application form
✅ $100 non-refundable application fee
✅ Proof of 8,000 hours of plumbing experience (signed by employer(s))
✅ High school diploma or GED
✅ Background check consent

Processing typically takes 4–6 weeks. Once approved, you’ll receive an exam eligibility notice.

Step 4: Pass the Pennsylvania Plumbing Contractor Exam

The exam is administered by PSI Services LLC and consists of two parts:

• Total Questions: 100 (50 per section)
• Time Limit: 4 hours (2 hours per section)
• Format: Multiple-choice, open-book (but only approved references allowed)

📘 Approved references include the 2018 International Plumbing Code (IPC) and Pennsylvania-specific amendments. Study guides from organizations like ICC are highly recommended.

You can schedule your exam online at PSI Exams . If you fail, you can retake it after 30 days—but each attempt costs $95.

Step 5: Obtain Liability Insurance and Register Your Business

After passing the exam, you must secure general liability insurance (minimum $50,000) before your license is issued. If you plan to hire employees, you’ll also need workers’ compensation insurance.

Additionally, if you’re operating as an LLC, sole proprietorship, or corporation, register your business with the PA Department of State .

Your license will be valid for 2 years and must be renewed with:

• $100 renewal fee
• Proof of continued insurance
• 4 hours of continuing education (starting with your second renewal)

How Much Can You Earn as a Licensed Plumber in Pennsylvania?

Plumbing isn’t just stable—it’s lucrative. According to the Pennsylvania Department of Labor & Industry, the average annual salary for licensed plumbers in PA is $62,500, with top earners in metro areas like Pittsburgh and Philadelphia making over $85,000.

Self-employed contractors often earn more—especially those offering emergency services or specializing in commercial plumbing.

🌟 Bonus: The U.S. faces a nationwide shortage of 400,000+ skilled tradespeople (per HomeAdvisor). Demand for plumbers in PA is projected to grow 6% through 2030—faster than average.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Getting Licensed

Many applicants stumble on preventable errors. Avoid these:

• ❌ Incomplete work history documentation – Use official employer letters with contact info.
• ❌ Studying outdated code books – Always use the 2018 IPC (current as of 2025).
• ❌ Missing insurance requirements – No insurance = no license, even with a passing score.
• ❌ Assuming local permits = state license – Some cities (like Philadelphia) have local rules, but only the state issues the official plumbing contractor license.

For more on plumbing history and standards, see the Wikipedia entry on plumbing .

FAQ: How to Become a Licensed Plumber in PA

Q1: Do I need a journeyman license in Pennsylvania?

A: No. Pennsylvania does not issue journeyman plumber licenses. Instead, you gain experience and apply directly for a Plumbing Contractor License after 4 years.

Q2: Can I get licensed if I trained in another state?

A: Possibly. Pennsylvania doesn’t have formal reciprocity, but you can apply if you meet the 8,000-hour requirement. You’ll still need to pass the PA exam and provide detailed work verification.

Q3: How long does the entire process take?

A: Typically 4–5 years—4 years for apprenticeship/experience, plus 1–2 months for application and exam scheduling.

Q4: Are there plumbing schools in PA that guarantee licensure?

A: No school can “guarantee” licensure—but accredited programs (like those at Thaddeus Stevens College or Bucks County Community College) significantly boost your exam pass rate and job placement.

Q5: Can I work as a plumber without a license in PA?

A: Only as an apprentice under direct supervision. Performing plumbing work independently without a license is illegal and can result in fines up to $1,000 per violation.

Q6: What’s the difference between a plumbing contractor and a master plumber in PA?

A: Pennsylvania uses the title “Plumbing Contractor”—not “master plumber.” Once licensed, you can pull permits, run a business, and supervise apprentices.

Final Thoughts: Start Your Plumbing Career with Confidence

Becoming a licensed plumber in Pennsylvania is a smart, future-proof career move. With clear steps, strong demand, and solid earning potential, the path is well worth the effort. By following this guide—from apprenticeship to exam day—you’ll avoid common pitfalls and position yourself for long-term success.

Ready to turn your skills into a career? Share this guide with a friend who’s considering the trades, or bookmark it for your journey. And if you’ve already started—drop a comment below with your biggest tip for new apprentices!

🔧 Your future in plumbing starts with one pipe at a time.