How Long Do You Have To Be a Journeyman Plumber?

If you’re considering a career in plumbing—or you’re already a journeyman wondering what’s next—you’ve probably asked yourself: “How long do you have to be a journeyman plumber?” It’s a smart question, and the answer isn’t one-size-fits-all. Requirements vary by state, experience level, and your career goals. In this guide, we’ll break down exactly how long you typically need to work as a journeyman before moving up (or out), with real data, expert advice, and actionable steps tailored for U.S. readers.

What Is a Journeyman Plumber?

Before diving into timelines, let’s clarify what a journeyman plumber actually is. A journeyman plumber is a licensed professional who has completed an apprenticeship (usually 4–5 years) and passed a licensing exam. Unlike apprentices, journeymen can work independently—but they still can’t pull permits or run their own plumbing business in most states without advancing to master plumber status.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), over 500,000 plumbers are employed nationwide, with steady job growth projected through 2032. Many start as apprentices, become journeymen, and eventually aim for master licensure—making the journeyman phase a critical stepping stone.

How Long Do You Have To Be a Journeyman Plumber Before Becoming a Master?

This is the core of your question—and the answer depends heavily on your state’s licensing board. While there’s no federal standard, most states require 2 to 5 years of full-time journeyman experience before you can sit for the master plumber exam.

Here’s a snapshot of requirements across key states:

💡 Pro Tip: Always check with your state’s plumbing licensing board—requirements can change, and some cities (like Chicago or NYC) have additional local rules.

For authoritative context, the licensing structure in the U.S. follows a tiered model rooted in historical trade guilds—a system still referenced in modern vocational frameworks like those described on Wikipedia’s page on journeymen .

Why Does the Journeyman Period Matter?

The journeyman phase isn’t just a waiting room—it’s where you hone real-world skills, learn code compliance, manage complex installations, and build a professional reputation. Rushing through it can hurt your long-term success.

Key benefits of spending adequate time as a journeyman:

• Deepen technical expertise (e.g., reading blueprints, troubleshooting gas lines, installing backflow preventers)
• Understand local plumbing codes (which vary significantly—even between counties)
• Build client and contractor trust
• Prepare for business ownership (if that’s your goal)

As Master Plumber and licensed contractor James Rivera (20+ years in Arizona) puts it:

“I tell my apprentices: Don’t chase the master license just for the title. Use your journeyman years to earn it. The guys who skip that step often fail their first exam—or worse, their first big job.”

Step-by-Step: From Journeyman to Master Plumber

Ready to advance? Here’s a realistic, step-by-step roadmap:

1. Verify Your State’s Requirements
   Visit your state’s contractor licensing board website (e.g., CSLB for California, TDLR for Texas).
2. Log Your Hours Accurately
   Keep detailed records: dates, job sites, tasks performed, and supervising master plumber’s name. Many states require notarized affidavits.
3. Complete Continuing Education (If Required)
   States like Massachusetts require 10–20 hours of code updates or safety training before applying.
4. Apply for the Master Exam
   Fees range from $75 (Oklahoma) to $300+ (New Jersey). Processing can take 4–8 weeks.
5. Study Rigorously
   The exam covers:
   • International Plumbing Code (IPC) or UPC
   • Math (pipe sizing, pressure calculations)
   • Business & law (in some states) Use prep courses from organizations like PHCC or UA Plumbers & Pipefitters.
6. Pass the Exam & Get Licensed
   Most states require a score of 70% or higher. Once passed, you can pull permits and start your own business.

Common Misconceptions About Journeyman Tenure

Let’s clear up a few myths:

• ❌ “You must be a journeyman for exactly 4 years.”
  → Not true. Some states allow as little as 1 year if you have prior relevant experience.
• ❌ “Time as an apprentice counts toward journeyman tenure.”
  → No. Only post-licensure journeyman hours count toward master eligibility.
• ❌ “You can skip journeyman and go straight to master.”
  → Extremely rare. Nearly all states require journeyman licensure first.

Journeyman vs. Master Plumber: Key Differences

FAQ: How Long Do You Have To Be a Journeyman Plumber?

Q1: Can I become a master plumber in less than 2 years?

A: In a few states like Texas or Alabama, yes—if you have documented trade experience beyond your apprenticeship. But most require at least 2 full years as a licensed journeyman.

Q2: Do part-time hours count toward the journeyman requirement?

A: Generally, no. States require full-time, verifiable employment (typically 1,500–2,000 hours per year). Part-time work may be prorated, but it’s rarely accepted without special approval.

Q3: What if I move to a different state during my journeyman years?

A: Your hours may transfer, but licensing doesn’t always. Some states offer reciprocity (e.g., between Michigan and Ohio), but others require you to restart or take an equivalency exam.

Q4: Is there a maximum time limit to become a master plumber?

A: No. You can remain a journeyman indefinitely. Many choose to do so if they prefer hands-on work over business management.

Q5: Do I need a college degree to advance?

A: No degree is required. Plumbing licensure is based on apprenticeship, experience, and exams—not formal education.

Q6: Can I work in commercial plumbing as a journeyman?

A: Yes! Journeymen handle both residential and commercial jobs. However, large-scale commercial projects often require oversight by a master plumber.

Conclusion

So, how long do you have to be a journeyman plumber? Typically 2 to 5 years, depending on where you live and your career ambitions. But more importantly, it’s not just about clocking hours—it’s about mastering your craft, understanding codes, and building credibility.

Whether you’re aiming to open your own shop, specialize in green plumbing, or simply earn more per hour, your journeyman years are your foundation. Use them wisely.

👉 Found this guide helpful? Share it with a fellow tradesperson on Facebook, LinkedIn, or Reddit! And if you’re ready to take the next step, bookmark your state’s licensing board page today.

Your future as a master plumber starts now—one pipe at a time.